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Small claims court is a simplified legal process designed for everyday people to resolve money disputes without a lawyer. Limits range from $2,500 in Kentucky to $25,000 in Tennessee and Delaware. Filing fees are $30 to $300. Most hearings take under an hour. You do not need legal training — you need preparation and evidence.
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Do I need a lawyer for small claims court?
No — small claims court is specifically designed for self-representation. Some states including California actually prohibit attorneys from representing parties at the hearing. The procedures are simplified, rules of evidence are relaxed, and judges expect non-lawyers to present their own cases. Good preparation matters far more than legal training.
What types of cases can I bring?
Small claims handles money disputes only — it cannot order someone to do something, only to pay. Common cases include unpaid loans, broken contracts, property damage, security deposit disputes, unpaid wages, defective products, and contractor disputes. Family law, criminal matters, and cases seeking non-monetary remedies are not handled in small claims court.
What happens if I win but they won't pay?
A judgment gives you the legal right to collect — not automatic payment. If the defendant does not pay voluntarily you can pursue wage garnishment, bank account levy, property liens, or a debtor's examination requiring them to disclose assets under oath. See our After Judgment guide for full details.
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